Climate-Crop model document
Overview
- A process based crop model (Feng et al. 2023)
- calibrated for 14 crops (Cereals, roots, vegetables, and fruits)
Feng, Xinyao, Haoliang Tian, Jiahui Cong, and Chuang Zhao. 2023. “A Method Review of the Climate Change Impact on Crop Yield.” Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 6: 1198186.
Limitations:
- Lack of response to vernalization and photoperiod effect on phenology
- Not including nutrient dynamics (Shmelev et al. 2021)
Shmelev, Stanislav E., Vitaliy Salnikov, Galina Turulina, Svetlana Polyakova, Tamara Tazhibayeva, Tobias Schnitzler, and Irina A. Shmeleva. 2021. “Climate Change and Food Security: The Impact of Some Key Variables on Wheat Yield in Kazakhstan.” Sustainability 13 (15). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158583.
Inputs
To simulate a new crop with the SIMPLE model in the R version frameworks, weather parameters, soil indexes, new crop species and cultivars parameters, irrigation, management and treatment data are required.
The weather parameters include SRAD, RAIN, TMAX and TMIN [31].
The species parameters include Tbase, I50maxH, I50maxW, Topt, Tmax, RUE, Text, SWater and SCO2 [25].
In brief, Tbase and Topt are the base and optimal temperature for biomass growth, respectively (°C). I50maxH and I50maxW are the maximum daily reduction in I50B due to heat stress and water stress, respectively. RUE means the radiation use efficiency (above ground only and without respiration). Tmax is the threshold temperature to start accelerating senescence from heat stress. Text is the extreme temperature threshold when RUE becomes 0 owing to heat stress (°C), SCO2 is the crop-specific sensitivity of RUE to elevated CO2, and SWater is the sensitivity of RUE to the ARID index, which is a standardized index ranging from 0 (no water shortage) to 1 (extreme water shortage and associated drought stress)(Y. Li et al. 2022).
Servín-Palestina, Miguel, Irineo López-Cruz, Jorge A. Zegbe, Agustín Ruiz-García, Raquel Salazar-Moreno, and José Ángel Cid-Ríos. 2024. “Calibration and Evaluation of the SIMPLE Crop Growth Model Applied to the Common Bean Under Irrigation.” Agronomy 14 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14050917.
SIMPLE Model Generic Coefficients
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| \(T_{sum}\) | Cumulative temperature requirement from sowing to maturity (°C days) |
| HI | Potential harvest index |
| I50A | Cumulative temperature requirement for leaf area development to intercept 50% of radiation (°C days) |
| I50B | Cumulative temperature till maturity to reach 50% radiation interception due to leaf senescence (°C days) |
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| \(T_{base}\) | Base temperature for phenology development and growth (°C) |
| \(T_{opt}\) | Optimal temperature for biomass growth (°C) |
| RUE | Radiation use efficiency (aboveground only and without respiration) (g MJ(^{-1}) m(^{-2})) |
| I50maxH | The maximum daily reduction in I50B due to heat stress (°C days) |
| I50maxW | The maximum daily reduction in I50B due to drought stress (°C days) |
| \(T_{max}\) | Threshold temperature to start accelerating senescence from heat stress (°C) |
| \(T_{ext}\) | The extreme temperature threshold when RUE becomes 0 due to heat stress (°C) |
| SCO2 | Relative increase in RUE per ppm elevated CO(_2) above 350 ppm |
| Swater | Sensitivity of RUE (or harvest index) to drought stress (ARID index) |
| Description | Equation |
|---|---|
| \(f_{Solar}\) for leaf growth and senescence period is based on the Beer–Lambert law, \(f_{solar\_max} = 0.96\) | \(f_{Solar} = \begin{cases} \frac{f_{solar\_max}}{1 + e^{-0.01(TT - I_{50A})}}, & \text{leaf growth period} \\ \frac{f_{solar\_max}}{1 + e^{-0.01(TT - (Tsum - I_{50B}))}}, & \text{leaf senescence period} \end{cases}\) |
| The impact of temperature on the growth rate of biomass | \(f(\text{Temp}) = \begin{cases} 0, & T < T_{base} \\ \frac{T - T_{base}}{T_{opt} - T_{base}}, & T_{base} \le T < T_{opt} \\ 1, & T \ge T_{opt} \end{cases}\) |
| The impact of heat stress on the biomass growth rate | \(f(\text{heat}) = \begin{cases} 1 - \frac{T_{max} - T_{heat}}{T_{ext} - T_{heat}}, & T_{max} \le T_{heat} \\ 0, & T_{max} > T_{extreme} \end{cases}\) |
| The cumulative temperature required to achieve 50% radiation interception during canopy senescence (\(I_{50B}\)) is increased by heat stress | \(I_{50B_{i+1}} = I_{50B_i} + I_{max, \text{heat}} \cdot (1 - f(\text{heat}))\) |
| The impact of \(\text{CO}_2\) on the RUE | \(f(\text{CO}_2) = \begin{cases} \frac{1 + S_{CO_2} \cdot (\text{CO}_2 - 350)}{1 + S_{CO_2} \cdot 350}, & 350 \, \text{ppm} \le \text{CO}_2 < 700 \, \text{ppm} \\ \text{CO}_2 > 700 \, \text{ppm} \end{cases}\) |
| Drought stress based on water retention | \(f(\text{water}) = 1 + S_{\text{water}} \cdot (\text{ARID})\) |
| Standardized Drought Stress Index | \(\text{ARID} = 1 - \frac{\min(ET_0, 0.096 \cdot \text{PAW})}{ET_0}\) |
| Drought stress reduces RUE | \(I_{50B_{i+1}} = I_{50B_i} + I_{max, \text{water}} \cdot (1 - f(\text{water}))\) |
| Radiation interception affected by drought stress | \(f_{Solar\_water} = \begin{cases} 0.9 + f(\text{water}), & f(\text{water}) < 0.1 \\ 1, & f(\text{water}) \ge 0.1 \end{cases}\) |
Applications
Spatiotemporal Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of the SIMPLE Model Applied to Common Beans for Semi-Arid Climate of Mexico:link“
the SIMPLE model for the Pinto Saltillo bean variety crop (Servin-Palestina et al. 2022)
“On the other hand, the Swater parameter relates to water availability and its effect on biomass production [25]. Beebe et al. [65] note that the irrigation sheet (Lr) for bean production is from 300 to 500 mm. This indicates that sheets close to these values would have lower Swater STi values. However, at the EMAN station in 2005, maximum values of 427.2 mm and 139.5 mm were recorded, and at the ALPINO station in 2015, 202 3 and 340.3 mm of Lr and Pe, respectively, were recorded. Effective precipitation has a greater influence on the Swater parameter than that of water stored in the soil (Lr plus Pe). Pp is the input variable with the greatest effect on Swater due to its stochastic distribution in time and space. (Servin-Palestina et al. 2022)Adaptation of the SIMPLE Model to Oilseed Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) for Arid and Semi-Arid Environments: (Y. Li et al. 2022) Link
- Species parameters data: Table 3 (a) Data were obtained from:
- Tiver, N.S.; Williams, R.F. Studies of the flax plant. II. The effect of artificial drought on growth and oil production in a linseed variety. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 1943, 21, 202.
- Gusta, L.V.; O’Connor, B.J.; Bhatty, R.S. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) responses to chilling and heat stress on flowering and seed yield. Can. J. Plant Sci. 1997, 77, 97–99.
- Li, X.; Fang, Z.; Niu, J. Study on configuration fabric and germination conditions of flax seed. Seed 2012, 31, 26–30.
- Kraft, J.M.; Kommedahl, T.; Linck, A.L. Histological study of malformation in flaxseed after exposure to 31 °C. Bot. Gaz.
- Darapuneni, M.; Morgan, G.D.; Ibrahim, A.M.H.; Duncan, R.W. Effect of vernalization and photoperiod on flax flowering time. Euphytica 2014, 195, 279–285.
- Yermanos, D.M.; Goodin, J.R. Temperature effects: On vegetative growth and oil quality of FLAX. Calif. Agric. 1965, 19, 15–16.
- Soil data Table 3 (b):
- National Soil Survey Office (NSSO). Chinese Soil; China Agriculture Press: Beijing, China, 1998; pp. 32–140. (Zhao et al. 2019; Soil 1998)
- Species parameters data: Table 3 (a) Data were obtained from:
Servin-Palestina, Miguel, Irineo L. López-Cruz, Jorge A. Zegbe-Domínguez, Agustín Ruiz-García, Raquel Salazar-Moreno, and Guillermo Medina-García. 2022. “Spatiotemporal Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of the SIMPLE Model Applied to Common Beans for Semi-Arid Climate of Mexico.” Agronomy 12 (8). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081813.
Soil, China. 1998. “National Soil Survey Office.” Beijing: China Agricultural Press. Google Scholar.
| Parameter | Unit | Value | Source of Data |
|---|---|---|---|
| T_base | °C | 4.5–5 | (Yu, Li, and Wang 2003) |
| T_opt | °C | 20–25 | (Yu, Li, and Wang 2003), (X. Li, Fang, and Niu 2012) |
| RUE | g MJ^-1 m^-2 | 0.86–1.09 | Calibrated |
| I50_maxH | °C day | 110 ± 2 | Calibrated |
| I50_maxW | °C day | 18 ± 2 | Calibrated |
| T_max | °C | 36 | (Kraft, Kommedahl, and Linck 1963) |
| T_ext | °C | 45 | (Kraft, Kommedahl, and Linck 1963) |
| S_CO2 | – | 0.07 | (Zhao et al. 2019) |
| S_water | – | 0.9 | (Zhao et al. 2019) |
Yu, ZW, HP Li, and P Wang. 2003. “Crop Cultivation.” China Agr. Press, Bei Jing.
Li, X, Z Fang, and J Niu. 2012. “Study on Configuration Fabric and Germination Conditions of Flax Seed.” Seed 31: 26–30.
Kraft, John M, Thor Kommedahl, and AJ Linck. 1963. “Histological Study of Malformation in Flax Seed After Exposure to 31⚬ c.” Botanical Gazette 124 (5): 367–71.
Zhao, Chuang, Bing Liu, Liujun Xiao, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Kenneth J. Boote, Belay T. Kassie, Willingthon Pavan, et al. 2019. “A SIMPLE Crop Model.” European Journal of Agronomy 104: 97–106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2019.01.009.
Li, Yue, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Senthold Asseng, Jun-Yi Niu, Ling Wu, and Liang-He Kang. 2022. “Adaptation of the SIMPLE Model to Oilseed Flax (Linum Usitatissimum l.) for Arid and Semi-Arid Environments.” Agronomy 12 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12061267.
| Sites | Soil Type | Soil Texture | Soil Depth (cm) | AWC (mm) | RCN | DDC | RZD (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dingxi | Dark Loessial soil | Clay loam | 0–21 | 0.12 | 80 | 0.3 | 700 |
| Wulanchabu and Datong | Castanozems | Clay loam | 0–40 | 0.19 | 75 | 0.3 | 1300 |
| Zhangjiakou | Sandy loam | Sandy clay loam | 0–20 | 0.13 | 75 | 0.6 | 550 |
AWC—fraction of the plant’s available water-holding capacity, one number for the entire soil profile (limited by potential root depth); RCN—runoff curve number; DDC—deep drainage coefficient; RZD—root zone depth (mm); Soil Depth—tillage layer (cm). Data were obtained from reference.
Rice Growth and Yield Responses to Climate Variabilities and Scenarios: Link(Suliansyah et al. 2023)
- All parameters taken from SIMPLE (SWater=1)
Suliansyah, Irfan, Feri Arlius, Irawati Chaniago, Nguyen Thi Thanh Xuan, Nguyen Tran Nhan Tanh, Pham Van Quang, et al. 2023. “Rice Growth and Yield Responses to Climate Variabilities and Scenarios.” Trends in Sciences 20 (2): 6390–90.
Visual Outputs
NEW figures: Box Plots for “Projects”
Anual data: mean of climate and crop yield over all locations
Output Table
| Year | Scenario | annual_mean_yield | harvest_mean_tmax | harvest_mean_tmin | harvest_mean_srad | harvest_mean_rain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | historical | 1325.4388 | 26.35081 | 6.084422 | 32.04499 | 0.0548766 |
| 1951 | historical | 2220.7857 | 27.56899 | 8.087631 | 30.60005 | 0.1625454 |
| 1952 | historical | 1883.6327 | 27.09302 | 7.527799 | 30.84640 | 1.0526666 |
| 1953 | historical | 1344.2347 | 25.35951 | 7.172651 | 30.36764 | 0.4539858 |
| 1954 | historical | 1437.8367 | 26.09102 | 7.543884 | 29.59783 | 0.9300477 |
| 1955 | historical | 1931.3980 | 27.24333 | 7.249381 | 31.69377 | 0.4089834 |
| 1956 | historical | 1564.9082 | 26.58520 | 6.421479 | 31.47420 | 0.2602627 |
| 1957 | historical | 2409.8980 | 29.13953 | 8.517511 | 31.15848 | 0.1920103 |
| 1958 | historical | 1453.5102 | 25.77082 | 6.985042 | 30.93644 | 0.2720870 |
| 1959 | historical | 1099.8878 | 25.23345 | 6.587615 | 30.47003 | 0.4767280 |
| 1960 | historical | 2289.5816 | 27.40836 | 8.127731 | 31.28328 | 0.2331870 |
| 1961 | historical | 760.0612 | 24.46444 | 5.289156 | 30.53691 | 0.2869113 |
| 1962 | historical | 1507.0306 | 26.58452 | 6.572912 | 31.03217 | 0.0373410 |
| 1963 | historical | 1918.7449 | 27.08589 | 7.433415 | 31.40402 | 0.2372630 |
| 1964 | historical | 1580.1633 | 26.32827 | 7.394168 | 30.27213 | 0.3717472 |
| 1965 | historical | 1945.3265 | 27.06005 | 7.743489 | 30.60979 | 0.2857767 |
| 1966 | historical | 781.4388 | 24.49955 | 5.800241 | 30.56397 | 0.4687010 |
| 1967 | historical | 892.6633 | 25.08072 | 5.770978 | 31.15358 | 0.0588268 |
| 1968 | historical | 2086.4592 | 27.32632 | 7.844569 | 31.18114 | 0.0698261 |
| 1969 | historical | 2168.1224 | 28.32558 | 7.333622 | 31.65397 | 0.1320458 |
| 1970 | historical | 1630.0102 | 26.30872 | 7.225861 | 31.16090 | 0.1401368 |
| 1971 | historical | 2598.2755 | 28.54225 | 8.214186 | 31.33362 | 0.2556481 |
| 1972 | historical | 1143.3265 | 25.49889 | 5.993534 | 31.26942 | 0.3068641 |
| 1973 | historical | 1606.6939 | 26.26692 | 7.450865 | 30.66585 | 0.6783102 |
| 1974 | historical | 1973.9286 | 28.07852 | 6.923657 | 32.42329 | 0.0477148 |
| 1975 | historical | 1204.3980 | 24.82327 | 7.002615 | 29.95570 | 1.0629305 |
| 1976 | historical | 1255.5816 | 26.27586 | 6.272390 | 31.03176 | 0.3645621 |
| 1977 | historical | 1749.1837 | 26.11751 | 8.045878 | 30.39044 | 0.4293698 |
| 1978 | historical | 1008.6531 | 24.09293 | 6.754530 | 29.90249 | 0.5408785 |
| 1979 | historical | 1010.9184 | 24.42332 | 6.525564 | 29.82480 | 0.6616787 |
| 1980 | historical | 2711.3061 | 28.39230 | 8.644507 | 31.22436 | 0.1247467 |
| 1981 | historical | 1145.8469 | 25.10311 | 6.912130 | 30.33508 | 0.9073696 |
| 1982 | historical | 1699.8469 | 27.08782 | 7.412079 | 30.94877 | 0.1428439 |
| 1983 | historical | 1410.4898 | 25.81735 | 6.899134 | 30.98009 | 0.2020658 |
| 1984 | historical | 2296.7041 | 28.12881 | 7.310389 | 32.16511 | 0.0028933 |
| 1985 | historical | 1200.5510 | 25.87643 | 5.896053 | 31.61304 | 0.3142430 |
| 1986 | historical | 1490.3163 | 25.87961 | 7.188926 | 30.59886 | 0.1959534 |
| 1987 | historical | 812.3163 | 24.12764 | 5.815208 | 30.49642 | 0.9135712 |
| 1988 | historical | 1971.7143 | 26.92719 | 7.598730 | 31.19891 | 0.1221592 |
| 1989 | historical | 1056.4694 | 24.97434 | 6.821155 | 30.01398 | 1.0333269 |
| 1990 | historical | 1173.0000 | 25.42665 | 6.622219 | 30.90595 | 0.2238090 |
| 1991 | historical | 2802.0408 | 28.69038 | 9.346045 | 30.18141 | 0.4771819 |
| 1992 | historical | 1838.5408 | 26.54161 | 7.986028 | 30.19934 | 0.9361109 |
| 1993 | historical | 1807.5102 | 26.51555 | 7.788081 | 30.68432 | 0.1861473 |
| 1994 | historical | 1905.3469 | 26.72130 | 8.030767 | 30.11442 | 0.4591594 |
| 1995 | historical | 1320.9490 | 25.38231 | 7.224867 | 30.63994 | 0.3728592 |
| 1996 | historical | 3516.3878 | 30.36607 | 9.584011 | 31.61091 | 0.0318158 |
| 1997 | historical | 1204.0510 | 24.71838 | 7.073958 | 29.94449 | 0.9036708 |
| 1998 | historical | 1259.1122 | 25.86432 | 6.346644 | 31.15003 | 0.2202536 |
| 1999 | historical | 2257.0816 | 28.62333 | 7.656728 | 32.01842 | 0.0834131 |
| 2000 | historical | 1554.3367 | 26.31376 | 7.408514 | 30.28593 | 0.4084884 |
| 2001 | historical | 1650.4388 | 27.28516 | 6.513602 | 31.47283 | 0.1074741 |
| 2002 | historical | 1112.1531 | 25.33473 | 5.845101 | 31.18090 | 0.3763204 |
| 2003 | historical | 2764.9286 | 28.86795 | 9.005628 | 30.79904 | 0.3324563 |
| 2004 | historical | 1802.2755 | 26.69207 | 7.551070 | 30.85726 | 0.6457934 |
| 2005 | historical | 2931.7653 | 29.41020 | 8.989190 | 30.91325 | 0.1247162 |
| 2006 | historical | 2417.4694 | 28.46738 | 7.820907 | 31.45171 | 0.1018702 |
| 2007 | historical | 2244.0306 | 28.25422 | 7.763666 | 31.33185 | 0.0254738 |
| 2008 | historical | 2685.5612 | 28.67386 | 8.262095 | 31.58658 | 0.3837649 |
| 2009 | historical | 1524.8776 | 26.33171 | 7.504718 | 29.99250 | 0.4691523 |
| 2010 | historical | 2156.4184 | 26.86874 | 8.737521 | 30.56334 | 0.2869484 |
| 2011 | historical | 1871.5816 | 26.14320 | 8.336574 | 30.14076 | 0.4070288 |
| 2012 | historical | 1980.4592 | 26.68107 | 8.155396 | 30.37447 | 0.2160493 |
| 2013 | historical | 1866.3469 | 26.99889 | 7.468930 | 30.93508 | 0.3228285 |
| 2014 | historical | 2582.1327 | 28.71443 | 8.005506 | 31.50296 | 0.0692107 |
| 2015 | ssp126 | 2121.8776 | 27.88858 | 7.250443 | 31.62057 | 0.2612164 |
| 2016 | ssp126 | 3250.2857 | 30.12026 | 9.018738 | 31.29697 | 0.0922309 |
| 2017 | ssp126 | 2580.9184 | 28.52382 | 8.078207 | 31.75552 | 0.1270486 |
| 2018 | ssp126 | 1824.5306 | 26.26789 | 8.210190 | 30.02496 | 0.8383474 |
| 2019 | ssp126 | 1839.9490 | 26.54715 | 8.423963 | 30.00854 | 0.4109917 |
| 2020 | ssp126 | 1770.7143 | 26.52954 | 7.628546 | 30.08285 | 0.8209829 |
| 2021 | ssp126 | 1955.9184 | 27.91004 | 7.506809 | 31.26455 | 0.1545613 |
| 2022 | ssp126 | 2314.4082 | 28.54994 | 7.754909 | 31.48002 | 0.1293044 |
| 2023 | ssp126 | 2082.1224 | 27.31384 | 7.837237 | 30.97432 | 0.6984585 |
| 2024 | ssp126 | 1929.6633 | 26.90296 | 8.280015 | 29.32415 | 0.5369162 |
| 2025 | ssp126 | 3660.4184 | 32.07808 | 10.834061 | 30.64108 | 0.0733342 |
| 2026 | ssp126 | 2775.9184 | 29.45753 | 8.502594 | 31.88698 | 0.0263306 |
| 2027 | ssp126 | 2509.4286 | 27.93569 | 8.861923 | 30.48403 | 0.3863282 |
| 2028 | ssp126 | 2257.8367 | 27.77467 | 8.676152 | 30.20890 | 0.4294051 |
| 2029 | ssp126 | 3150.5102 | 28.87423 | 9.112444 | 31.43792 | 0.0597858 |
| 2030 | ssp126 | 2232.8776 | 27.44217 | 8.680563 | 30.45793 | 0.2769803 |
| 2031 | ssp126 | 1852.9286 | 27.11945 | 8.152322 | 30.60057 | 0.3102353 |
| 2032 | ssp126 | 3109.0816 | 28.70268 | 9.720403 | 30.16207 | 0.2759032 |
| 2033 | ssp126 | 1964.2449 | 27.48792 | 8.317577 | 30.29495 | 0.5507718 |
| 2034 | ssp126 | 1072.8673 | 24.77132 | 6.867556 | 30.47646 | 0.8171620 |
| 2035 | ssp126 | 2703.8163 | 28.52631 | 9.947001 | 29.66759 | 0.8278059 |
| 2036 | ssp126 | 1814.5102 | 26.34874 | 8.123592 | 29.48698 | 1.5818033 |
| 2037 | ssp126 | 1935.9286 | 27.29004 | 8.343371 | 30.06999 | 0.7818936 |
| 2038 | ssp126 | 1902.6020 | 27.51157 | 8.640299 | 30.29226 | 0.3883641 |
| 2039 | ssp126 | 1817.6531 | 26.88249 | 7.265379 | 31.75445 | 0.1256293 |
| 2040 | ssp126 | 2691.9184 | 28.48028 | 9.333432 | 30.49549 | 1.1618193 |
| 2041 | ssp126 | 1688.5816 | 26.34132 | 8.052497 | 30.60322 | 0.7304034 |
| 2042 | ssp126 | 2644.0510 | 28.35124 | 8.358665 | 30.95417 | 0.3324325 |
| 2043 | ssp126 | 3610.9694 | 30.28461 | 9.982286 | 30.36598 | 0.3399013 |
| 2044 | ssp126 | 2355.0612 | 27.76086 | 8.781698 | 30.26848 | 0.4384919 |
| 2045 | ssp126 | 3179.0612 | 30.34483 | 9.652289 | 31.15645 | 0.0753433 |
| 2046 | ssp126 | 3017.7755 | 29.07628 | 9.606012 | 30.98195 | 0.1598329 |
| 2047 | ssp126 | 2708.5408 | 29.02257 | 8.798297 | 31.46270 | 0.0793072 |
| 2048 | ssp126 | 1688.2653 | 26.16028 | 7.812543 | 30.24226 | 0.5402580 |
| 2049 | ssp126 | 2351.2245 | 28.01458 | 8.079705 | 31.58458 | 0.1672484 |
| 2050 | ssp126 | 3798.6224 | 30.40652 | 11.145643 | 29.65679 | 0.3039858 |
| 2051 | ssp126 | 1917.3980 | 27.07365 | 7.749613 | 30.85833 | 0.6076390 |
| 2052 | ssp126 | 2779.8878 | 28.82455 | 8.397786 | 31.53813 | 0.1151216 |
| 2053 | ssp126 | 2429.4082 | 28.05622 | 8.219636 | 31.34470 | 0.4634095 |
| 2054 | ssp126 | 3001.3265 | 29.28617 | 9.886681 | 30.41353 | 0.4373183 |
| 2055 | ssp126 | 3372.2755 | 29.29210 | 9.407486 | 31.31578 | 0.1148107 |
| 2056 | ssp126 | 2157.8367 | 28.22895 | 8.819219 | 30.46275 | 0.1891200 |
| 2057 | ssp126 | 2245.6531 | 27.29792 | 8.332151 | 31.05219 | 0.4072047 |
| 2058 | ssp126 | 2580.3571 | 28.98752 | 8.095478 | 31.16742 | 0.0941229 |
| 2059 | ssp126 | 2590.5102 | 28.24761 | 8.631576 | 30.77476 | 0.3355255 |
| 2060 | ssp126 | 2287.7347 | 27.63436 | 9.184772 | 29.54728 | 0.2992718 |
| 2061 | ssp126 | 2528.8163 | 28.37073 | 8.632089 | 31.02782 | 0.3948059 |
| 2062 | ssp126 | 2429.5102 | 27.87186 | 8.809530 | 30.17960 | 0.8250263 |
| 2063 | ssp126 | 1954.0102 | 26.81206 | 8.307608 | 29.69493 | 0.7329930 |
| 2064 | ssp126 | 2815.7755 | 28.49392 | 8.841502 | 31.24592 | 0.0968546 |
| 2065 | ssp126 | 3292.4694 | 30.76329 | 10.488009 | 30.55716 | 0.2406413 |
| 2066 | ssp126 | 2646.3163 | 28.81747 | 9.617541 | 30.05298 | 0.1982101 |
| 2067 | ssp126 | 2954.5510 | 29.84179 | 9.256219 | 30.42722 | 0.1315976 |
| 2068 | ssp126 | 3547.5612 | 30.63238 | 10.100505 | 31.32204 | 0.0392229 |
| 2069 | ssp126 | 2941.7653 | 28.79144 | 10.001156 | 29.42552 | 0.8129275 |
| 2070 | ssp126 | 2996.2755 | 29.83232 | 8.951408 | 31.06005 | 0.1121709 |
| 2071 | ssp126 | 3733.6122 | 30.27606 | 9.604474 | 31.76597 | 0.0338514 |
| 2072 | ssp126 | 3210.8571 | 29.43365 | 9.319799 | 31.26201 | 0.2120757 |
| 2073 | ssp126 | 2711.7143 | 29.29479 | 9.074058 | 30.94991 | 0.0986850 |
| 2074 | ssp126 | 4276.2245 | 30.95605 | 11.609713 | 30.12659 | 0.1188946 |
| 2075 | ssp126 | 2579.6020 | 28.88701 | 8.280795 | 31.52667 | 0.2209146 |
| 2076 | ssp126 | 2875.6837 | 29.56785 | 9.319312 | 31.32882 | 0.1170209 |
| 2077 | ssp126 | 2810.1122 | 29.47903 | 9.317295 | 30.88082 | 0.0556870 |
| 2078 | ssp126 | 3310.1531 | 30.87709 | 9.979139 | 30.72713 | 0.1969709 |
| 2079 | ssp126 | 2062.2143 | 26.78125 | 8.544311 | 30.28615 | 0.2990283 |
| 2080 | ssp126 | 2646.7143 | 29.10047 | 8.192005 | 31.55681 | 0.3060407 |
| 2081 | ssp126 | 3158.6224 | 29.37511 | 10.375227 | 29.35784 | 0.9448125 |
| 2082 | ssp126 | 2052.6327 | 26.75554 | 8.800658 | 29.73418 | 0.7153273 |
| 2083 | ssp126 | 2124.3265 | 28.13570 | 8.131121 | 30.73717 | 0.1694468 |
| 2084 | ssp126 | 2992.2653 | 28.91950 | 8.970711 | 31.04437 | 0.2024226 |
| 2085 | ssp126 | 2231.8367 | 28.17539 | 7.706511 | 31.59525 | 0.1302223 |
| 2086 | ssp126 | 2158.4796 | 28.62945 | 8.459705 | 30.49606 | 0.3170752 |
| 2087 | ssp126 | 1963.8061 | 27.58408 | 7.559067 | 30.99592 | 0.3085119 |
| 2088 | ssp126 | 1870.8571 | 27.37731 | 8.021398 | 30.74767 | 0.3503447 |
| 2089 | ssp126 | 2345.2551 | 28.02198 | 8.530276 | 30.96829 | 0.2100457 |
| 2090 | ssp126 | 2399.5612 | 28.60029 | 7.512654 | 31.65883 | 0.1061921 |
| 2091 | ssp126 | 2064.5306 | 28.42567 | 8.386990 | 29.92118 | 0.3314446 |
| 2092 | ssp126 | 1117.7041 | 24.51004 | 7.694379 | 29.20609 | 1.9346273 |
| 2093 | ssp126 | 970.2857 | 26.24539 | 5.636125 | 31.48637 | 0.3237795 |
| 2094 | ssp126 | 2728.9184 | 28.65802 | 9.419726 | 29.95598 | 0.4514699 |
| 2095 | ssp126 | 2566.6939 | 28.26173 | 8.500614 | 30.81062 | 0.1954526 |
| 2096 | ssp126 | 3251.4898 | 29.89358 | 9.365646 | 30.81928 | 0.1127220 |
| 2097 | ssp126 | 2023.5918 | 26.67663 | 8.445175 | 29.82714 | 0.9122921 |
| 2098 | ssp126 | 1955.6633 | 27.38688 | 8.011939 | 30.08241 | 0.8870685 |
| 2099 | ssp126 | 1810.8776 | 26.65411 | 7.475127 | 30.74769 | 0.1806746 |
| 2100 | ssp126 | 1620.9592 | 26.34287 | 7.145666 | 30.72267 | 0.4662925 |
| 2015 | ssp245 | 2430.1429 | 28.38963 | 8.792828 | 30.58955 | 0.1535468 |
| 2016 | ssp245 | 1867.2143 | 27.61000 | 7.702312 | 30.98613 | 0.1178127 |
| 2017 | ssp245 | 2512.9694 | 28.39786 | 8.778977 | 30.94732 | 0.9918466 |
| 2018 | ssp245 | 1482.2347 | 25.84232 | 7.458417 | 30.26420 | 0.4385163 |
| 2019 | ssp245 | 2806.9592 | 28.52581 | 8.585808 | 31.10315 | 0.2024291 |
| 2020 | ssp245 | 1797.0510 | 27.42376 | 7.938066 | 30.69195 | 0.1572901 |
| 2021 | ssp245 | 3039.5204 | 31.22741 | 9.526911 | 31.85508 | 0.0104556 |
| 2022 | ssp245 | 2634.6633 | 28.29938 | 9.411786 | 29.91498 | 0.4853525 |
| 2023 | ssp245 | 1759.9592 | 27.40072 | 7.781341 | 30.86671 | 0.2827166 |
| 2024 | ssp245 | 3240.4184 | 29.22468 | 10.681176 | 30.33335 | 0.5992636 |
| 2025 | ssp245 | 2515.2449 | 27.79527 | 8.865001 | 30.11344 | 0.2863852 |
| 2026 | ssp245 | 3512.8571 | 30.60066 | 9.479988 | 31.51300 | 0.0225631 |
| 2027 | ssp245 | 2618.5102 | 28.49668 | 9.350335 | 30.20766 | 0.5038378 |
| 2028 | ssp245 | 2895.3061 | 28.47933 | 9.013849 | 31.08356 | 0.4266575 |
| 2029 | ssp245 | 1390.7959 | 25.62699 | 7.301707 | 30.49007 | 0.9098147 |
| 2030 | ssp245 | 2931.2143 | 28.76606 | 9.159557 | 31.01879 | 0.0494624 |
| 2031 | ssp245 | 2952.2143 | 29.14072 | 9.683454 | 30.30975 | 0.3371749 |
| 2032 | ssp245 | 2542.2041 | 27.58265 | 8.612030 | 31.33938 | 0.1197680 |
| 2033 | ssp245 | 3178.4490 | 29.90258 | 9.496717 | 31.30435 | 0.0887082 |
| 2034 | ssp245 | 2656.1531 | 28.06513 | 9.425831 | 30.41873 | 0.5464053 |
| 2035 | ssp245 | 2597.7551 | 28.35740 | 8.680512 | 30.90383 | 0.3433017 |
| 2036 | ssp245 | 2445.4490 | 28.10015 | 9.423323 | 30.65269 | 0.4646416 |
| 2037 | ssp245 | 1979.2551 | 26.84533 | 8.818709 | 29.66923 | 0.3130485 |
| 2038 | ssp245 | 2148.9388 | 27.32593 | 8.039225 | 31.26646 | 0.1769006 |
| 2039 | ssp245 | 2025.5612 | 27.69339 | 7.335067 | 31.82087 | 0.3261499 |
| 2040 | ssp245 | 2943.0918 | 29.88889 | 9.547659 | 30.88777 | 0.1374723 |
| 2041 | ssp245 | 2140.5918 | 27.92482 | 7.672305 | 31.15041 | 0.1284859 |
| 2042 | ssp245 | 3633.0408 | 30.22211 | 9.854233 | 31.14392 | 0.0103914 |
| 2043 | ssp245 | 3221.3061 | 28.69460 | 10.041121 | 29.88347 | 0.5196139 |
| 2044 | ssp245 | 2238.0816 | 27.80394 | 8.561304 | 29.97415 | 0.3050837 |
| 2045 | ssp245 | 1713.8163 | 26.32376 | 8.354074 | 30.11314 | 0.5972974 |
| 2046 | ssp245 | 2388.7245 | 27.45954 | 8.693261 | 30.12979 | 0.8406587 |
| 2047 | ssp245 | 2533.6429 | 28.41147 | 9.232775 | 30.33659 | 0.2631932 |
| 2048 | ssp245 | 2680.3469 | 28.23702 | 8.684085 | 30.75149 | 0.4572504 |
| 2049 | ssp245 | 2340.1327 | 27.37318 | 8.414592 | 30.85655 | 0.4473693 |
| 2050 | ssp245 | 2904.4490 | 28.32514 | 9.403852 | 30.73390 | 0.5144455 |
| 2051 | ssp245 | 2980.8061 | 29.66656 | 9.065419 | 30.95559 | 0.1789287 |
| 2052 | ssp245 | 2229.5918 | 27.18290 | 8.861885 | 29.82802 | 0.6211080 |
| 2053 | ssp245 | 2253.2857 | 27.65543 | 8.209471 | 30.85254 | 0.2559836 |
| 2054 | ssp245 | 3946.7347 | 30.36594 | 10.386276 | 31.30487 | 0.1761820 |
| 2055 | ssp245 | 1444.5102 | 25.91408 | 7.756965 | 29.77355 | 0.6334199 |
| 2056 | ssp245 | 3234.7653 | 29.47406 | 9.190811 | 30.85924 | 0.1222974 |
| 2057 | ssp245 | 2308.6122 | 28.52663 | 8.102593 | 31.34732 | 0.1699972 |
| 2058 | ssp245 | 3078.8469 | 29.06049 | 9.047322 | 31.43394 | 0.2936918 |
| 2059 | ssp245 | 3140.7245 | 29.71570 | 9.994878 | 30.14582 | 0.6407760 |
| 2060 | ssp245 | 2246.9592 | 27.43780 | 9.085555 | 29.89933 | 0.4103127 |
| 2061 | ssp245 | 2180.1531 | 28.31932 | 7.515433 | 31.57062 | 0.1508525 |
| 2062 | ssp245 | 2387.3673 | 27.30447 | 9.540705 | 29.56198 | 0.9958204 |
| 2063 | ssp245 | 2915.9082 | 28.33432 | 9.405983 | 30.41837 | 0.5664716 |
| 2064 | ssp245 | 3400.9592 | 30.51835 | 9.867595 | 31.16417 | 0.1941051 |
| 2065 | ssp245 | 2653.8673 | 29.19943 | 8.794500 | 30.68438 | 0.1357031 |
| 2066 | ssp245 | 2891.2143 | 29.65394 | 9.901335 | 30.34952 | 0.4151944 |
| 2067 | ssp245 | 2921.9796 | 28.54866 | 9.500914 | 30.70099 | 0.6789955 |
| 2068 | ssp245 | 2898.5816 | 29.11294 | 8.946910 | 30.81920 | 0.1803422 |
| 2069 | ssp245 | 1943.8673 | 27.12475 | 7.615384 | 31.21699 | 0.0944816 |
| 2070 | ssp245 | 2624.5510 | 28.63442 | 8.215926 | 31.13053 | 0.1647919 |
| 2071 | ssp245 | 2612.5204 | 28.73331 | 8.800812 | 30.39286 | 0.5150792 |
| 2072 | ssp245 | 3634.2857 | 30.61590 | 10.428768 | 30.73078 | 0.3428600 |
| 2073 | ssp245 | 2057.9694 | 27.95948 | 8.131850 | 31.00759 | 0.3308394 |
| 2074 | ssp245 | 3108.5408 | 30.89002 | 9.734804 | 30.53815 | 0.1063034 |
| 2075 | ssp245 | 2165.2551 | 27.40828 | 8.674747 | 30.05364 | 0.5788297 |
| 2076 | ssp245 | 2427.1633 | 28.84031 | 8.245846 | 31.04721 | 0.2664410 |
| 2077 | ssp245 | 1903.5102 | 26.52225 | 8.150209 | 30.14466 | 0.9710238 |
| 2078 | ssp245 | 2876.2653 | 29.14208 | 9.081546 | 30.90107 | 0.3620864 |
| 2079 | ssp245 | 2018.8878 | 27.29754 | 8.413355 | 29.58790 | 0.4728307 |
| 2080 | ssp245 | 2739.8061 | 28.40636 | 9.340184 | 30.09445 | 0.6762489 |
| 2081 | ssp245 | 3011.2653 | 29.08282 | 9.329270 | 30.61785 | 0.1229387 |
| 2082 | ssp245 | 2517.6837 | 27.95481 | 9.244728 | 29.53277 | 0.8773466 |
| 2083 | ssp245 | 2492.2041 | 28.29340 | 8.485553 | 30.71239 | 0.8483080 |
| 2084 | ssp245 | 3174.3061 | 29.30214 | 10.048976 | 30.39870 | 0.2819270 |
| 2085 | ssp245 | 1597.7449 | 26.19881 | 8.082985 | 29.64001 | 1.5548383 |
| 2086 | ssp245 | 2313.3061 | 28.54632 | 8.727335 | 31.21948 | 0.2555436 |
| 2087 | ssp245 | 4177.7449 | 31.71562 | 10.985374 | 31.12501 | 0.0628499 |
| 2088 | ssp245 | 2402.6327 | 27.36255 | 10.090313 | 28.99866 | 1.3229866 |
| 2089 | ssp245 | 2620.7959 | 28.31054 | 8.972459 | 31.21017 | 0.1659448 |
| 2090 | ssp245 | 2561.2143 | 29.00287 | 8.964493 | 31.46987 | 0.0514879 |
| 2091 | ssp245 | 2569.9388 | 28.33761 | 8.948845 | 30.92747 | 0.3470966 |
| 2092 | ssp245 | 2354.2653 | 28.01890 | 8.675498 | 30.53599 | 0.2675955 |
| 2093 | ssp245 | 3185.5204 | 31.04985 | 10.807931 | 31.20711 | 0.0906998 |
| 2094 | ssp245 | 3220.8571 | 29.88675 | 9.727090 | 30.77126 | 0.0938277 |
| 2095 | ssp245 | 2410.3878 | 28.10707 | 8.747466 | 30.82984 | 0.2600173 |
| 2096 | ssp245 | 3911.5816 | 30.36065 | 10.006073 | 31.22776 | 0.0289236 |
| 2097 | ssp245 | 3450.3673 | 29.86479 | 10.451892 | 30.45438 | 0.5972291 |
| 2098 | ssp245 | 2214.7653 | 28.13131 | 8.303690 | 30.60190 | 0.7798942 |
| 2099 | ssp245 | 3962.5204 | 30.58367 | 10.959362 | 29.87441 | 0.2536108 |
| 2100 | ssp245 | 3987.6939 | 30.23804 | 11.245591 | 30.59358 | 0.4670964 |
| 2015 | ssp370 | 2501.3776 | 28.83499 | 8.191256 | 31.82063 | 0.1441969 |
| 2016 | ssp370 | 2406.2551 | 27.68646 | 8.378222 | 30.30416 | 0.3013392 |
| 2017 | ssp370 | 2473.9592 | 27.91272 | 9.157224 | 29.99278 | 0.2950605 |
| 2018 | ssp370 | 2606.4490 | 28.45361 | 8.038415 | 31.55139 | 0.2324165 |
| 2019 | ssp370 | 2907.8776 | 28.40941 | 9.951556 | 30.45353 | 0.2507556 |
| 2020 | ssp370 | 2840.8469 | 28.19711 | 9.664430 | 30.80583 | 0.5277498 |
| 2021 | ssp370 | 2680.7653 | 28.54721 | 8.834220 | 30.53245 | 0.2013600 |
| 2022 | ssp370 | 2791.7755 | 28.51260 | 8.442579 | 31.47842 | 0.2568048 |
| 2023 | ssp370 | 2233.0306 | 28.28384 | 7.974323 | 31.20646 | 0.3743947 |
| 2024 | ssp370 | 2416.2143 | 27.90364 | 8.561514 | 30.60368 | 0.1085972 |
| 2025 | ssp370 | 1857.0000 | 26.81461 | 7.848632 | 30.42007 | 0.4266411 |
| 2026 | ssp370 | 1947.0918 | 27.04287 | 8.008499 | 30.50594 | 0.3983205 |
| 2027 | ssp370 | 2347.9286 | 28.83421 | 8.480907 | 31.26429 | 0.2818485 |
| 2028 | ssp370 | 3331.2245 | 29.90328 | 9.369507 | 31.67163 | 0.0052535 |
| 2029 | ssp370 | 2486.7449 | 28.72442 | 8.689853 | 30.53879 | 0.2469384 |
| 2030 | ssp370 | 2401.2041 | 28.90937 | 8.059193 | 31.45675 | 0.0690728 |
| 2031 | ssp370 | 1538.6939 | 26.53849 | 6.634848 | 31.18625 | 0.2086020 |
| 2032 | ssp370 | 2827.6837 | 28.73594 | 8.626157 | 31.13705 | 0.2099501 |
| 2033 | ssp370 | 2006.3878 | 27.12664 | 8.466437 | 30.26772 | 0.7658741 |
| 2034 | ssp370 | 2625.3367 | 28.59218 | 9.517568 | 30.38016 | 0.4403277 |
| 2035 | ssp370 | 2142.5000 | 26.79710 | 8.411225 | 30.15077 | 0.3054373 |
| 2036 | ssp370 | 3195.1531 | 29.68047 | 9.418632 | 30.89071 | 0.0906928 |
| 2037 | ssp370 | 2559.9796 | 28.46055 | 8.819376 | 30.38629 | 0.4637688 |
| 2038 | ssp370 | 3231.5306 | 29.43087 | 9.652726 | 30.94153 | 0.0564688 |
| 2039 | ssp370 | 3681.6837 | 29.90443 | 10.670217 | 29.89656 | 0.5062825 |
| 2040 | ssp370 | 2098.3980 | 26.56001 | 8.770872 | 30.22095 | 0.5307225 |
| 2041 | ssp370 | 2009.4082 | 27.14980 | 8.719312 | 29.93581 | 0.4030011 |
| 2042 | ssp370 | 2099.9796 | 27.10557 | 8.041001 | 30.91417 | 0.2547122 |
| 2043 | ssp370 | 2847.2857 | 28.55007 | 9.568757 | 30.05931 | 0.4999230 |
| 2044 | ssp370 | 4165.4184 | 31.41765 | 10.714884 | 30.67124 | 0.6170327 |
| 2045 | ssp370 | 1117.2755 | 24.44911 | 7.362454 | 29.29846 | 1.3723223 |
| 2046 | ssp370 | 4739.4388 | 32.04439 | 11.590112 | 30.45968 | 0.1473727 |
| 2047 | ssp370 | 2640.5102 | 28.75382 | 8.923297 | 30.78521 | 0.1747706 |
| 2048 | ssp370 | 3028.5612 | 28.82537 | 9.753641 | 30.41847 | 0.3417290 |
| 2049 | ssp370 | 3042.0102 | 28.80464 | 9.564978 | 29.98957 | 0.3130894 |
| 2050 | ssp370 | 3406.3980 | 29.40627 | 9.774065 | 30.66337 | 0.1777017 |
| 2051 | ssp370 | 2388.4184 | 28.04500 | 8.688795 | 30.48636 | 0.5579632 |
| 2052 | ssp370 | 3283.0102 | 31.04340 | 10.348985 | 30.46285 | 0.7351938 |
| 2053 | ssp370 | 3018.7245 | 28.43304 | 9.231436 | 30.85670 | 0.2310016 |
| 2054 | ssp370 | 2072.1327 | 28.02982 | 8.457720 | 30.70947 | 0.2682395 |
| 2055 | ssp370 | 3628.1939 | 30.16945 | 9.797368 | 31.04533 | 0.2965397 |
| 2056 | ssp370 | 2618.8980 | 28.53506 | 9.516679 | 29.12626 | 0.7211516 |
| 2057 | ssp370 | 2195.8265 | 27.64831 | 8.041184 | 30.90030 | 0.7867787 |
| 2058 | ssp370 | 4416.5408 | 32.75324 | 11.736515 | 30.85381 | 0.0397298 |
| 2059 | ssp370 | 4128.7143 | 30.72678 | 10.762244 | 30.58844 | 0.2338604 |
| 2060 | ssp370 | 2743.3469 | 28.64857 | 8.802848 | 31.23034 | 0.2039164 |
| 2061 | ssp370 | 3932.9592 | 31.09364 | 11.615381 | 29.66534 | 0.4008503 |
| 2062 | ssp370 | 3015.9796 | 30.45315 | 9.665536 | 30.72077 | 0.2123496 |
| 2063 | ssp370 | 4187.1429 | 33.44722 | 12.342375 | 31.41999 | 0.0719549 |
| 2064 | ssp370 | 3383.2653 | 29.89518 | 11.321317 | 30.06173 | 0.4940144 |
| 2065 | ssp370 | 2980.9796 | 28.81871 | 9.800808 | 30.28080 | 0.2663026 |
| 2066 | ssp370 | 3951.9796 | 31.59840 | 10.900089 | 31.40262 | 0.1188114 |
| 2067 | ssp370 | 4669.8571 | 33.05614 | 13.386659 | 29.72350 | 0.5229723 |
| 2068 | ssp370 | 3401.9286 | 29.41112 | 10.668368 | 30.02601 | 0.6923701 |
| 2069 | ssp370 | 3474.9388 | 30.04661 | 9.388784 | 31.40140 | 0.0440718 |
| 2070 | ssp370 | 4258.2347 | 32.87333 | 11.969422 | 30.73674 | 0.0320812 |
| 2071 | ssp370 | 3994.9286 | 31.49278 | 10.842564 | 31.09657 | 0.0076140 |
| 2072 | ssp370 | 3970.7245 | 30.90332 | 11.250096 | 30.74574 | 0.0850492 |
| 2073 | ssp370 | 3977.9082 | 29.65789 | 11.260804 | 30.48617 | 0.2398183 |
| 2074 | ssp370 | 2770.9082 | 28.64443 | 8.950587 | 30.86025 | 0.8766322 |
| 2075 | ssp370 | 3102.1429 | 29.85964 | 10.094670 | 30.82546 | 0.0817239 |
| 2076 | ssp370 | 4270.0612 | 31.36909 | 11.029599 | 30.37756 | 0.7036704 |
| 2077 | ssp370 | 3435.6327 | 30.39084 | 10.468756 | 29.85546 | 0.3479781 |
| 2078 | ssp370 | 3764.3163 | 30.68752 | 11.592647 | 30.26067 | 0.3370343 |
| 2079 | ssp370 | 3742.0816 | 30.23498 | 11.226734 | 29.39260 | 0.3711953 |
| 2080 | ssp370 | 4184.8265 | 31.65879 | 12.594793 | 29.11515 | 1.1112383 |
| 2081 | ssp370 | 3265.1327 | 29.48378 | 10.805858 | 29.95809 | 0.9836370 |
| 2082 | ssp370 | 3771.0714 | 32.02916 | 11.826386 | 30.41051 | 0.1948404 |
| 2083 | ssp370 | 3501.0408 | 30.15223 | 10.470042 | 30.07253 | 0.2843522 |
| 2084 | ssp370 | 5059.6939 | 32.63147 | 12.843545 | 30.12562 | 0.8671735 |
| 2085 | ssp370 | 2835.3776 | 29.06305 | 9.277770 | 30.99149 | 0.2624925 |
| 2086 | ssp370 | 4462.4286 | 31.81868 | 12.281062 | 30.18908 | 0.3014842 |
| 2087 | ssp370 | 3608.0714 | 30.31318 | 11.251020 | 30.53959 | 0.0606162 |
| 2088 | ssp370 | 4687.2653 | 32.03349 | 12.753778 | 30.48193 | 0.2585746 |
| 2089 | ssp370 | 3568.1020 | 30.28122 | 11.602747 | 29.69694 | 0.7996046 |
| 2090 | ssp370 | 2784.8367 | 28.71708 | 9.941297 | 29.57288 | 1.2449877 |
| 2091 | ssp370 | 4186.1020 | 30.75496 | 10.825832 | 31.17649 | 0.0905460 |
| 2092 | ssp370 | 3067.4898 | 32.57141 | 12.651461 | 29.17298 | 0.3616077 |
| 2093 | ssp370 | 3281.4184 | 29.93222 | 10.586732 | 29.47207 | 0.6462007 |
| 2094 | ssp370 | 3193.3265 | 31.64866 | 10.672567 | 30.85502 | 0.1445177 |
| 2095 | ssp370 | 3762.3265 | 32.69108 | 11.940652 | 31.18326 | 0.0191816 |
| 2096 | ssp370 | 4289.0204 | 31.47738 | 11.609251 | 30.66870 | 0.1849958 |
| 2097 | ssp370 | 4624.9388 | 32.76053 | 12.444668 | 31.17776 | 0.0751646 |
| 2098 | ssp370 | 3093.4694 | 28.85198 | 10.643060 | 28.85932 | 0.6726009 |
| 2099 | ssp370 | 4297.8061 | 32.01836 | 11.627354 | 30.70140 | 0.2882464 |
| 2100 | ssp370 | 3608.6327 | 31.18103 | 11.498250 | 30.32162 | 0.2174526 |
| 2015 | ssp585 | 2419.0816 | 28.80488 | 9.284330 | 30.44291 | 0.3278214 |
| 2016 | ssp585 | 3232.0204 | 29.20718 | 9.528300 | 30.87337 | 0.1663580 |
| 2017 | ssp585 | 2944.6429 | 28.88665 | 9.063762 | 31.63544 | 0.1695125 |
| 2018 | ssp585 | 1513.5408 | 25.59527 | 7.934133 | 29.77706 | 0.5930689 |
| 2019 | ssp585 | 2826.7755 | 28.75174 | 9.453979 | 30.27409 | 0.7203823 |
| 2020 | ssp585 | 3306.8776 | 30.03238 | 9.313161 | 31.89172 | 0.0432148 |
| 2021 | ssp585 | 2801.7653 | 28.43365 | 9.577668 | 30.35880 | 0.1627106 |
| 2022 | ssp585 | 1877.3980 | 27.14938 | 7.678176 | 30.49074 | 0.9100559 |
| 2023 | ssp585 | 2718.8776 | 28.54465 | 8.325475 | 31.72521 | 0.1644968 |
| 2024 | ssp585 | 2564.7857 | 28.51276 | 8.711012 | 30.91184 | 0.1237923 |
| 2025 | ssp585 | 1631.5000 | 26.73909 | 7.227704 | 30.64523 | 0.3646025 |
| 2026 | ssp585 | 2614.7959 | 28.47501 | 8.823570 | 31.09837 | 0.1531791 |
| 2027 | ssp585 | 3584.1327 | 29.40927 | 10.286976 | 29.98429 | 0.2947366 |
| 2028 | ssp585 | 1612.1939 | 26.08830 | 7.577372 | 30.80324 | 0.5547393 |
| 2029 | ssp585 | 2887.4796 | 29.30398 | 8.138745 | 32.36034 | 0.0079725 |
| 2030 | ssp585 | 3550.3265 | 30.32689 | 9.301231 | 31.48788 | 0.0415683 |
| 2031 | ssp585 | 3026.4898 | 29.00767 | 9.592074 | 30.32332 | 0.8371574 |
| 2032 | ssp585 | 2202.7143 | 26.97635 | 8.348951 | 31.04143 | 0.1688777 |
| 2033 | ssp585 | 1947.7959 | 27.14630 | 7.725254 | 30.64499 | 0.2417932 |
| 2034 | ssp585 | 3286.6939 | 30.27324 | 8.962966 | 31.81146 | 0.0442082 |
| 2035 | ssp585 | 2506.8571 | 29.20034 | 8.506008 | 30.98695 | 0.3324142 |
| 2036 | ssp585 | 1012.9592 | 24.96213 | 5.914030 | 30.95152 | 0.4696146 |
| 2037 | ssp585 | 3580.9286 | 30.02015 | 10.119600 | 31.32750 | 0.1686445 |
| 2038 | ssp585 | 2374.4796 | 27.61754 | 8.812191 | 30.35185 | 0.5399365 |
| 2039 | ssp585 | 2513.8265 | 27.75935 | 8.981975 | 29.99857 | 0.2794311 |
| 2040 | ssp585 | 2756.3061 | 28.39936 | 8.893146 | 30.97371 | 0.1500832 |
| 2041 | ssp585 | 2286.3571 | 28.23155 | 8.695559 | 30.81214 | 0.7270427 |
| 2042 | ssp585 | 2618.9082 | 28.07887 | 9.452368 | 29.79529 | 1.9200462 |
| 2043 | ssp585 | 2135.7041 | 26.98130 | 8.505215 | 30.19132 | 0.4796723 |
| 2044 | ssp585 | 4382.6735 | 31.07441 | 11.096576 | 30.96381 | 0.1581679 |
| 2045 | ssp585 | 2579.3980 | 28.10078 | 9.548539 | 30.25792 | 0.3653902 |
| 2046 | ssp585 | 2599.7755 | 28.25549 | 9.354519 | 30.70145 | 0.3023542 |
| 2047 | ssp585 | 2519.9184 | 27.92032 | 9.117217 | 30.13453 | 0.4136573 |
| 2048 | ssp585 | 2742.2245 | 28.51728 | 9.224213 | 30.88051 | 0.2277714 |
| 2049 | ssp585 | 3129.9694 | 30.85230 | 10.627234 | 30.69035 | 0.5055229 |
| 2050 | ssp585 | 4418.2653 | 31.93849 | 10.985531 | 31.60733 | 0.0890291 |
| 2051 | ssp585 | 2867.4184 | 29.25843 | 9.670035 | 30.29738 | 0.2839070 |
| 2052 | ssp585 | 2792.5306 | 30.25265 | 9.371480 | 31.15912 | 0.0696829 |
| 2053 | ssp585 | 3390.7041 | 29.67984 | 10.021697 | 30.79405 | 0.2764682 |
| 2054 | ssp585 | 3262.6633 | 29.22625 | 11.060921 | 30.44247 | 0.4649369 |
| 2055 | ssp585 | 2422.3265 | 27.85934 | 8.769663 | 30.74406 | 0.2082441 |
| 2056 | ssp585 | 3426.7041 | 31.07248 | 10.528019 | 30.35002 | 0.1286590 |
| 2057 | ssp585 | 3876.9184 | 30.64922 | 10.826551 | 30.51829 | 0.1443707 |
| 2058 | ssp585 | 2976.4490 | 29.27350 | 10.251955 | 30.11140 | 0.1815998 |
| 2059 | ssp585 | 3287.6224 | 29.36629 | 9.540235 | 30.89047 | 0.2430253 |
| 2060 | ssp585 | 4517.4796 | 32.57269 | 13.183222 | 30.06960 | 0.1894211 |
| 2061 | ssp585 | 4226.5714 | 30.31971 | 11.110197 | 30.68974 | 0.1866746 |
| 2062 | ssp585 | 3485.9592 | 29.90182 | 11.023140 | 29.84113 | 0.4861905 |
| 2063 | ssp585 | 2836.3980 | 29.13865 | 9.994072 | 30.16531 | 0.3190446 |
| 2064 | ssp585 | 2948.1531 | 29.01995 | 9.763981 | 30.76191 | 0.6770174 |
| 2065 | ssp585 | 3656.3469 | 30.26337 | 10.564778 | 30.80566 | 0.2163439 |
| 2066 | ssp585 | 3841.3367 | 31.50713 | 11.338518 | 30.31725 | 0.2670666 |
| 2067 | ssp585 | 2776.7551 | 29.04246 | 9.148425 | 30.70646 | 0.2207951 |
| 2068 | ssp585 | 4009.1735 | 30.20326 | 11.213917 | 30.34055 | 0.5642248 |
| 2069 | ssp585 | 1957.5102 | 26.32687 | 8.830847 | 29.47604 | 1.7298399 |
| 2070 | ssp585 | 3469.8163 | 29.37807 | 10.634083 | 29.95548 | 0.8947126 |
| 2071 | ssp585 | 2953.7143 | 28.51960 | 9.543740 | 29.65220 | 0.6696056 |
| 2072 | ssp585 | 3559.1122 | 31.56427 | 10.757035 | 30.84306 | 0.2072083 |
| 2073 | ssp585 | 3512.8163 | 30.75508 | 10.999042 | 29.70638 | 0.4140061 |
| 2074 | ssp585 | 2606.4898 | 28.18297 | 9.189995 | 30.12099 | 0.7679698 |
| 2075 | ssp585 | 3723.0102 | 30.49495 | 10.896691 | 30.44140 | 0.1087223 |
| 2076 | ssp585 | 4237.5204 | 31.08249 | 11.332817 | 30.14809 | 0.5784197 |
| 2077 | ssp585 | 3781.3367 | 31.23667 | 11.635860 | 30.32859 | 0.0878551 |
| 2078 | ssp585 | 4743.1020 | 32.21567 | 12.679974 | 30.10158 | 0.2568377 |
| 2079 | ssp585 | 2586.4694 | 28.20947 | 9.692387 | 30.04253 | 1.0746654 |
| 2080 | ssp585 | 3881.5612 | 30.57099 | 10.686945 | 30.59326 | 0.0726120 |
| 2081 | ssp585 | 3225.5918 | 28.62222 | 11.092521 | 28.82982 | 1.2230993 |
| 2082 | ssp585 | 4792.7449 | 31.98928 | 11.399108 | 31.52034 | 0.0464650 |
| 2083 | ssp585 | 3388.4286 | 30.29852 | 9.843571 | 31.37758 | 0.0297047 |
| 2084 | ssp585 | 4069.4082 | 30.51145 | 11.125427 | 30.45277 | 0.0622147 |
| 2085 | ssp585 | 4083.9184 | 30.33028 | 11.264762 | 30.41090 | 0.1124493 |
| 2086 | ssp585 | 3223.5306 | 29.75762 | 10.814878 | 29.94066 | 0.3584757 |
| 2087 | ssp585 | 4038.6020 | 32.86646 | 12.158190 | 30.79604 | 0.1612613 |
| 2088 | ssp585 | 4394.9898 | 33.93513 | 13.571272 | 30.17516 | 0.1752794 |
| 2089 | ssp585 | 3746.4388 | 32.17163 | 12.112148 | 30.14500 | 0.2176087 |
| 2090 | ssp585 | 3785.2755 | 31.53512 | 10.944773 | 29.97880 | 0.2330260 |
| 2091 | ssp585 | 3846.0306 | 31.69329 | 11.254120 | 30.49929 | 0.2958605 |
| 2092 | ssp585 | 4349.7959 | 32.99414 | 13.069390 | 30.05394 | 0.0615755 |
| 2093 | ssp585 | 3984.6224 | 30.95461 | 11.556529 | 30.09846 | 0.5994996 |
| 2094 | ssp585 | 3113.7449 | 30.58121 | 10.885231 | 30.27049 | 0.3501350 |
| 2095 | ssp585 | 3298.6633 | 30.09298 | 10.950758 | 29.64150 | 0.3426546 |
| 2096 | ssp585 | 5140.1122 | 32.80596 | 12.418885 | 30.77825 | 0.3050720 |
| 2097 | ssp585 | 3696.1939 | 31.73013 | 11.387542 | 30.52230 | 0.2805031 |
| 2098 | ssp585 | 3309.1837 | 34.38753 | 14.351221 | 30.01768 | 0.2787347 |
| 2099 | ssp585 | 4096.8265 | 30.88908 | 11.310051 | 30.43371 | 0.2906441 |
| 2100 | ssp585 | 4184.9694 | 30.92981 | 12.200265 | 29.77275 | 0.4701781 |
climate data: All days of year
climate data: growing season: yy-04 to yy-07
# SIMPLE model applications
Support Material
Full Parameterisation Matters for the Best Performance of Crop Models: Inter-comparison of a Simple and a Detailed Maize Model: SSM-iCrop model (Manschadi et al. 2021)
Models Calibration and Evaluation: (Ahmed et al. 2020)
Manschadi, AM, J Eitzinger, M Breisch, W Fuchs, T Neubauer, and A Soltani. 2021. “Full Parameterisation Matters for the Best Performance of Crop Models: Inter-Comparison of a Simple and a Detailed Maize Model.” International Journal of Plant Production 15: 61–78.
Ahmed, Mukhtar, Shakeel Ahmad, Muhammad Ali Raza, Uttam Kumar, Muhammad Ansar, Ghulam Abbas Shah, David Parsons, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Taru Palosuo, and Sabine Seidel. 2020. “Models Calibration and Evaluation.” In Systems Modeling, edited by Mukhtar Ahmed, 151–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4728-7_5.
The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP): Protocols and pilot studies (Rosenzweig et al. 2013) mentioned in Zhao et al. (2022)
Protocol for US Potato Simulations(Zhao et al. 2018) from Zhao et al. (2022)
Rosenzweig, C., J. W. Jones, J. L. Hatfield, A. C. Ruane, K. J. Boote, P. Thorburn, J. M. Antle, et al. 2013. “The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP): Protocols and Pilot Studies.” Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 170: 166–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.09.011.
Zhao, Chuang, Claudio O Stockle, Tina Karimi, Roger Leroy Nelson, Frits K van Evert, Annette A Pronk, Anne A Riddle, et al. 2022. “Potential Benefits of Climate Change for Potatoes in the United States.” Environmental Research Letters 17 (10): 104034.
Zhao, Chuang, Claudio Stockle, John Kruse, Liujun Xiao, David Gustafson, and Senthold Asseng. 2018. “Protocol for US Potato Simulations.” https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.19416.60162.